The Magnat was built in Sunderland, England in 1885 by S.P. Austin and Sons and originally named the Edward Pembroke. The vessel was a 1120-ton, three masted iron barque, with dimensions 206 x 33.5 x 19.2 feet, and was said to be a reasonably flat bottomed vessel.

The Magnat ashore at Tarwin Lower, Victoria. Photo courtesy Knut Hancker - Syke/Bremen-Germany. Knut's grandfather's brother was a seamen on the Magnat when she was lost.

The master and part owner of the Magnat, Captain Ostermann, had only recently acquired the vessel, as he had lost his previous vessel off the coast of Chile a short time earlier, which he had also named Magnat. Captain Ostermann was gaoled in Chile for this loss for a period of two years, but the full sentence was not served, and he was released early when the charts were proven to be inaccurate.

After his release, Captain Ostermann returned to Germany and he, along with C. Fehsenfeldt of Bremen, purchased the Edward Pembroke. This vessel, when renamed Magnat, made its first voyage under her new owners taking a load of timber from Norway to Capetown. There it remained in ballast for several months before leaving on its last voyage with Captain Ostermann and a crew of 17. The Magnat was to sail in ballast from Capetown to Newcastle were it was to load coal for Valparaiso, Chile.

The Magnat had an easy voyage until forty days out from Capetown, when on 8 May 1900, a storm was encountered by the vessel at 4 am as it entered Bass Strait. Captain Ostermann set a new course as they passed King Island at noon, and soon after midnight when land was sighted and rollers heard, they realised that something had gone drastically wrong. Full sail was set and the crew tried to save the vessel, but being in ballast, the Magnat was too light and would not answer her helm and went ashore at 2 am May 9. The Magnat was 32 miles off its course, and when it struck the beach at Tarwin Lower, Captain Ostermann blamed the tide, stating that it must have carried him that far off coarse in 20 hours. The Magnat went ashore broadside on to the sandy beach with no injury or loss of life.

Occasional exposure of the deck beams reveal that the Magnat is relatively intact under the sand. Photo Malcolm Venturoni

Luck favoured the crew and the vessel as the rocky outcrops of Cape Liptrap and Cape Patterson lie not far away. Also not known to the crew of the Magnat, was that at about the same time their vessel went ashore, the 1523 ton Sierra Nevada went ashore at Portsea Back Beach with 23 losing their lives.

The next morning when the wreck was found by some local stockmen, the crew were armed with knives, terrified that the aborigines were lurking nearby. The wreck was then reported to Constable Thyer of Inverloch, who visited the site later that day. On his arrival at the Magnat, Constable Thyer stated that the vessel had already settled about six feet into the sand and was sitting perfectly upright with the bow facing Cape Liptrap. He then went aboard via a block and tackle set up by the crew and interviewed the captain on the details regarding the loss. On his return to the shore the constable was nearly drowned when the block and tackle came loose and he was dropped into the sea. The following day the steamer Lady Loch arrived with the Queenscliff life boat in tow. Captain Livingstone of the Lady Loch consulted with the superintendent of the life boat on what could be done. However, the Magnat was too high up on the beach and the steamer could not get anywhere near the wreck, as for nearly a half mile out to sea, the water was no more than four feet deep. With nothing that could be done, and the crew in no danger, the steamer headed for home.

Newspaper reporters and locals began to visit the site of the wreck, the captain and crew stayed aboard the Magnat and they ordered supplies from the local hotel owner, Mr Munro. Captain Ostermann spoke to the reporters along with his first mate M. Peters and second mate D. Braue, these being the only crew that could speak English. They reported on the details of the disaster, and how lucky they were. An interesting point was that Captain Ostermann stated that this was the first time that he had ever sailed the east coast of Victoria. He said that he had visited Melbourne many times but had only come and gone via the west coast. The first mate M. Peters had also visited Australia many times but had only ever come around the bottom of Tasmania to get to the east - he had never come through Bass Strait. Captain Osterinann was also asked by a reporter if this was the first time he had ever lost a vessel, to which he replied he had not. We now know this not to be the case.

One of the Magnat masts was salvaged by a local farmer and used as water trough for cattle. Photos courtesy Heritage Victoria's, Maritime Heritage Unit.

Captain Ostermann sent a wire to the other owner of the Magnat stating its loss and was awaiting the insurers to inspect the wreck. Shortly after a marine surveyor visited the site, instructed by Messrs. W. and 1. Lempriere, Melbourne agents for the Board of Bremen Underwriters, in order to organise refloating the vessel. He found that the Magnat was embedded in six feet of sand, and at low tide was completely dry and twenty feet from low water mark. At high tide was sitting in only three feet of water. The marine surveyor organised steam tugs to assist as he believed that the Magnat could be freed. Several days later steam tugs arrived, the anchors were laid and lines set to free the Magnat the following day. The next morning they managed to tow the Magnat clear but before it was out of danger the lines snapped and the ill-fated ship went ashore again. This time though it faced the other way with its bow pointing towards Cape Patterson and stern towards Cape Liptrap. As it went ashore the Magnat broke it's back, and was now a total wreck.

Now with the vessel a total loss, the Captain and crew stayed aboard and began to remove valuables and personal belongings. After becoming ill, said to be caused by worry, Captain Ostermann died on the ship on August 20, 1900. He was buried in the cemetery at Tarwin Lower. The remaining crew of the Magnat, I presume, were sent home. They consisted of first mate M. Peters, second mate D. Braue, T. Hilt, F. Hevne, H. Hennings, G. Schildt, A. Hirsted, T. Leonhardt, 0. Barrels, H. Meyers, W. Arndt, A. Eeklamd, K. Strackil, F. Hancker, B. Willsen, T. Meyers and E.Ericksen.

On most of the occasions when visited, the bow and stern posts are exposed with generally a scour pit around the stern where the top of the rudder can be seen. The three masts are generally visible, broken off just above deck level. Photo Malcolm Venturoni

While the Magnat remained on the beach, the locals held at least one dance aboard the vessel. As time went on and the ship began to deteriorate large holes began to appear in the sides as hull plating fell away. Local boys would go to the wreck at low tide and spear the fish trapped inside. On most of the occasions when visited, the bow and stern posts are exposed with generally a scour pit around the stern where the top of the rudder can be seen. Many items from the Magnat were removed by local residents: the masts ended up in a farmer's property and are still used as stock troughs, while the figurehead was placed in front of the local store until the First World War when it was vandalised as hatred grew against the Germans. It was then taken to the Black's homestead at Tarwin Meadows where it remained until disappearing in the l980s. No doubt many more pieces of the Magnat are scattered throughout the region.

In 2009 the upper structure of the Magnat was uncovered by storm action. Image courtesy of Brian Anstee. Copyright remains Brian Anstee. click for large image 1. click for large image 2.

The Magnat still remains on the beach at Tarwin Lower. Little of the site appears above the sand and at times it can be completely buried, although often large amounts of sand moves in the area exposing parts of the remains not often seen. On most of the occasions when visited, the bow and stern posts are exposed with generally a scour pit around the stern where the top of the rudder can be seen. The three masts are generally visible, broken off just above deck level. The main mast can be seen on a good day lying in the sand on the starboard side. Deck beams can also be seen if the sand on the site is low, this showing us that the Magnat is relatively intact under the sand.

The wreck of the Helen, a small wooden vessel, lies about two hundred metres inshore from the bow of the Magnat. The Helen was stolen by convicts in Tasmania and run ashore at Tarwin in the 1850s. George Black, the local property owner, was fearful that these men might steal some of his stock, so he burnt the vessel. The Helen was last visible in 1923 but since has been covered by the sand dunes.

The MAAV has visited the Magnat on a number of occasions, but it is a project far from completion. We would still like to produce a site plan and try to locate more artefacts scattered throughout the region.

• Do you have any comments or questions regarding the Magnat project report?
• If you have dived on the Magnat have you any comments concerning the site?
• Do you have any information / photographs historical or otherwise which you believe may be useful to the MAAV for inclusion in the project report?
• Full credit will be given to any material if published.