Map of Australia
in Natural Coloured Wool

 Map of Australia
A COMBINED ARTWORK CREATED BY
THE STATE AND TERRITORY HANDWEAVERS, SPINNERS AND DYERS GROUPS
AND GUILDS OF AUSTRALIA.


In celebration of the Fifth World Congress on Coloured Sheep and Their Products
Geelong, Australia, 1999

Size: Completed Work - 2.5 m x 2.5m
Fibre: 100% Wool
Colour: Natural Black and Coloured
Techniques Chosen: Hand felted backgrounds. Highlights and motifs include spinning, weaving, knitting, crochet, embroidery.

 The Beginning .... then ..... The Finishing

The Beginning

Late in 1996, thought was given as to how other Australian states could be involved in celebrating the Fifth World Congress on Coloured Sheep. Why not make A Map Of Australia? Why not!

Monique Wilson and Kaye Cooper discussed the idea, tabled the concept to the Congress committee and then formed a sub-committee. A time-line was established, design and guidelines discussed and expressions of interest called for from all states.

But first it was agreed that the completed Map would remain the property of the Black & Coloured Sheep Breeders of Australia (Vic) Inc. At the completion of the Congress the Map would be housed in a suitable venue. Each piece was to be self-funded.

To our delight (and relief) everyone was very enthusiastic.

In discussing the colour of the project, we attempted to have it made using black, grey and silver fleeces only. We were working on an extension of the white on white concept.

Hindsight told us that this was too limiting. Some artists were having difficulty in obtaining the colours required and some just love brown and fawn fleece. (It was nearly political!) The guidelines were amended to include all natural coloured wool.

Monique made the templates by photographing a map of Australia, projecting it onto a wall, and then tracing the projection onto vilene fabric. Copies were made, states cut out and forwarded as templates.

Apart from deciding the states would be joined, placed onto a backing, and mounted ready for hanging, we did not decide on the finishing design of the project. We needed to see draft designs, know the techniques being used and work without limits to bring the collection of states together as a cohesive whole.

Our deadline for the states to arrive was January 1999. This would give us five months to complete the work.

Then .....

The sub-committee met, usually by phone, as design ideas were forwarded. Questions were answered, ideas were consolidated, and finishing discussed. As the "states" started to arrive, in November 1998, it was suggested the map could be photographed and, if suitable, featured on the cover of the Congress proceedings book.

Great! The last state had arrived in mid-February. However, we were now working with a much earlier completion date. Due to printing commitments, we now had only 8 weeks to get it all together!

The map also took on a new persona. As well as being an interesting and topical piece to take a place at the Congress, it was now to take a larger focus. The standard of craftwork presented in the individual states was exceptional, which enabled us a vision of a work completed to a standard of excellence.

At this point, also, it is to a very co-operative and talented sub-committee and other talented craftspeople that the convenor became ever indebted and grateful.

During discussions it was agreed that the internal borders needed to be defined. Lorraine Anderson, a dedicated, highly skilled and caring craftsperson, agreed to make Kumihimo braid for the borders and outline.

Lorraine discussed the braids with the Melbourne Kumihimo Group and the sub-committee. Many samples were produced, and once decided upon, Lorraine spent endless more hours in their execution. They are all made from handspun singles yarn, generously spun by The Pascoe Vale Spinners and Weavers Group.

Joan Dever secured us fifteen metres of cream 1.5m pure wool gabardine donated by the CSIRO social club, - just perfect for the backing fabric.

The Finishing

The states had all arrived. We were ready to put it all together. At a sub-committee meeting where the backing-fabric was being measured and cut ready for hemming, someone said, "We've got so much fabric. Why don't we make the background double and quilt it?" Agreed. So, with wool wadding sandwiched between two backing pieces measuring 2.5 x 2.5 metres, Margaret Ayton, a local textile artist, was asked to machine quilt it for us. The quilting suggests the oceans and seas of Australia's coastline.

The pieces took 10 hours to pin together ready for stitching, and Margaret spent four days machining.

Next came the backing bindings. We did not want these to be limp or flat so they are padded also and hand stitched to finish. These took another four days.

The states were ladder stitched together, on the front and then on the back. The whole was then stitched to the backing, three times. Finally, Lorraine's beautiful Kumihimo braids were stitched to the internal borders and then to the coastline. This was done by the sub-committee, Margaret Ayton and Franciska McLean.

Points of interest:

Each state design was completely independent - without liaison.

We did not have a studio to work in.

Our sub-committee had to travel to work together.

The map was finished in a small room spread over three kitchen tables.

The work was never hung before the day it was photographed by Ellen Mueller.

The piece weighs almost 25 kilograms.

 Victoria

The medium that was used for the map of Victoria is super fine brown Merino felt.

The fleece used for the embroidery was coloured Corriedale and English Leicester.

The designs chosen for inclusion are our floral emblem, the Victorian heath, represented in the centre of the Map of Victoria. In the East we have the Victorian Alps where at Harrietville we hold our annual Spin - In at the end of March. In the Western District we have sheep grazing, growing some of the finest Merino wool in Victoria.

Dolores Anderson and Anna Sutcliffe produced the map of Victoria.

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 Western Australia

Western Australia is proud to participate in the national coloured wool map. The work was researched and planned for the Handweavers, Spinners and Dyers Guild of Western Australia Inc. by weaver and Guild Librarian Rosemary Skinner. It was due to Rosemary's diligence that the project was complete at the end of 1998 and delivered to the Conference organizers at the beginning of 1999.

President of Feltwest, the handfelters' network and long time Guild member, Judith Shaw was invited to prepare the base map on which the various state emblems would be placed. After consultation it was agreed to adopt Judith's idea for the map to depict rainfall - a critical aspect of life in Western Australia.

The original brief was to use only shades of grey to black excluding browns. The felt began as two full size pieces. One piece in the darkest colour the other piece featured broad placement of the shades which were to depict the principal rainfall categories ranging from the wettest in the far north and south west corner to the driest areas mostly central inland where average falls are under 8" annually. The multi-coloured piece was placed on top of the dark base colour. Contoured areas were cut out through both pieces. Shaped multishaded parts were then swapped with their plain base parts to achieve the result required.

Expertise from Guild members provided the State emblems. The Black Swan is WA's bird emblem and highly identifiable with the State. The technique used was needleweaving. The woven shape was padded slightly and stitched to the off-loom woven water. The Cygnets are small felt balls.

The floral emblem is the red and green Mangle's Kangaroo Paw which was a weaving challenge because of the small overall size. After experiments with other methods a pick-up weave with summer and winter threading using a sample table loom and fine commercially spun wool warp and handspun wool weft produced the well detailed pattern. Weaver June Hooper has been a weaver since 1992 when she completed a two-year TAFE weaving course. June has also been Secretary of the WA guild for several years.

WA's animal emblem is the numbat. "A knitting pattern was adapted for cross stitch to fit into the required 18cm" says Sue Greig, who completed her Perth TAFE Certificate of Weaving in 1997 and has been a member of the WA Guild for over 12 years, serving on Committee in several capacities. Sue is interested in Navajo and Inkle Weaving, inspired by workshops with Carole Strickler in the USA. Sue used a felt backing, with a pull-apart cross-stitch canvas which was completely removed when completed. The numbat was then cut out leaving a very narrow hand of felt for hand sewing onto the map.

The Fossil emblem is a reconstruction of the Gogo Fish (Mcnamaraspis kaprios) from the remains of a giant barrier reef where it lived 370 million years ago in an area south of Fitzroy Crossing known as the Gogo Formation. Work for the fish was carried out as follows:

  1. Felted two pieces ñ one silver one dark.
  2. Traced shape onto vilene and stitched to transfer to silver felt.
  3. Cut out mouth shape and used single staples of wool to round out the body under silver felt.
  4. Scales of "Cretan" stitch in fine wool.
  5. Teeth embroidered onto the dark felt.
  6. Outline of shape worked in long and short stitch in darkest wool.

The Gogo fish emblem was made by Lynda Chilvers who completed her Certificate of Weaving in 1993. Lynda has worked tirelessly for the WA Guild running the Yarn Room, editing the "Yarn Spinner" and as archivist.

The boab tree is readily identified with the Kimberley in WA's north, particularly around Derby. Connie Ward, one of the WA Guild's strongest members is a keen Dimensional Weaver interested in off loom techniques. Connie made both the needle woven Black Swan and the Boab tree which was woven vertically over thin card bent to round the shape. Ends of the wefts were twisted and attached to other background to form the branches.

All craftspersons worked independently. They regarded the final effects as the results of a successful challenge to create clear definition using only natural wool colours.

Credits:  
Rosemary Skinner Project Organizer
Melanian Society WA wool supply
Judith Shaw Base felt
Christ Binns and Phil Emery Spinners
Connie Ward Black Swan & Boab Tree motifs
Sue Greig Numbat motif
Lynda Chilvers Gogo Fish motif
June Hooper Kangaroo Paw motif
Rosemary McDonald Sewing Assistant

April 20th 1999
Handweavers Spinners & Dyers Guild of Western Australia Inc.
Craft House, Clyde Road, Menora, WA Tel: (08) 9370 5004

 Northern Territory

It was wonderful to be invited to participate in the Map of Australia for the World Congress.

We live in a part of Australia where fleece is not a common commodity, and there are very few who appreciate it's wonder. Both Gillian Fraser and myself were members of the Weavers Workshop Guild in the 70's & 80's, but unfortunately the Guild disbanded in the mid 80's. Many of the members moved on, as is common in this part of the country; others had lifestyle changes and although it had been a very strong group of dedicated spinners, weavers, dyers, and knitters, as is the way with all good things, it came to an end.

You gave us an opportunity to revive our interest in fleece. It was coincidental that a few months prior to your invitation to prepare the Northern Territory section of the map I had staying with me Sally Haper from the U.K. who had attended Textile Fibre Forum and was in the Territory to conduct workshops for Virgen Creations. Whilst Sally was here she gave me a quick refresher course on felt making and renewed my interest in this craft.

Inspiration for the interpretation, in felt, of "Our Territory" came from the strata of this ancient land on which we live. Our territory is one of strong contrasts; in climate, torrential rains and long dry periods, texture - strong harsh sandstone cliffs, sandy deserts, huge wetlands covered in soft grasses and lush waterlillies and colour - clear rich blue and ochre sands.

We chose felt as our medium as we felt there was a strong correlation between our building up the representational layers and the way nature created our land over millions of years.

We chose to embellish our Territory with our floral emblem the Sturt-Desert Rose, a soft delicate flower which emerges from the harsh rocky ground wherever there is a hint of moisture. The dragonfly is very significant to the "locals" as it heralds the coming of the 'dry season'. In the "Top End" masses of these magnificently coloured, delicate creatures hover over the earth and waterholes with the promise of cool dry days ahead, welcomed by all after months of the humid 'wet season'.

We sincerely hope we have been able to capture at least a little of the magic of The Territory and that you are able to share this with us.

ESTELLE VIRGEN and friends, representing the Northern Territory.

 Queensland

Queensland is depicted topographically; the darkest area representing the Great Dividing Range, tapering to the flat dry plains out west.

Members who come from all parts of Queensland have made our section of the Map. Weekend workshops brought us together for the completion of the state.

The motifs we selected are the Koala, the Brolga and the Cooktown Orchid.

Credits:    
Project co-ordinator & embroidery yarns Heather Kay Redlands
Cooktown Orchid Maureen Done Gold Coast
Brolga Margaret Kelly Queensland Spinners Weavers & Dyers Group
Koala Phyl Adsett
Heather Kay
Sally Anne Russell
Ipswich
Redlands
Redlands
Felt makers (Miss) Tim Murray
Pat Armstrong
Stanthorpe Granite Belt
Toowoomba

This was a really co-operative effort from all of the ladies - Queensland wide.

 South Australia

As well as being famous for Adelaide, known as the city of churches, and for the Barossa Valley with its wines, South Australia is known as the festival state.

Designer Ann Wing wanted to capture the essence of this renown, with particular emphasis on the fringe festivals - celebrations for all people.

Through this concept Ann has depicted the entire state of South Australia as one of festivity and celebration, particularly as the state centenary anniversary was approaching at the time of planning.

The design was then passed to Judith Mercer, who together with the Bath sisters, refined the ideas, and with the Sunday felt making group, took the design to completion.

 Tasmania

We advertised the Map of Australia project in our bi-monthly magazine, Island Yarns, asking members to submit designs. Several were received and from these the Blue Gum motif, designed by Doris Banks, was chosen as being appropriate for the state of Tasmania.

A number of members provided fleece in a range of colours from dark grey to silver as originally requested. From this Lynette Karpiniec produced felted maps of the island. Helen Veith made felted leaves and gum nuts, and Joy Munthe the gum blossoms.

Doris Banks completed the piece.

One interesting point, which emerged from this exercise, was that it is difficult to estimate which fleeces will felt well; some of our fine merinos were absolutely impossible, whereas others, slightly coarser, felted magnificently!

 New South Wales

On receiving the guidelines in time for our October 1997 meeting, we read them out to the members and asked those people who were interested in making a banner to get in touch before our last meeting in November 1997.

At that Christmas meeting our sub-committee met briefly to arrange a time to meet in the New Year. The members were Peta Anderson, Jeanette Colditz, Nina Dang, Anne Eagar, Kathy Frost, Lynette Hall, Tua Jorgensen and Lynette Taylor. We were a mixture of spinners, weavers, felters, knitters, crocheters and embroiderers. Over the Christmas holidays we were to keep our minds open to ideas for the Banner.

We had our first meeting on January 28th 1998. After considering the request from the Congress committee, we came up with some more questions about the guidelines. We wrote to the committee. As well we made a list of possible icons. These were the Dog on the Tuckerbox, The Three Sisters, The Opera House, The Harbour Bridge, and The Golden Guitar. Our homework was to research the Wool Road to Sydney, and come up with a famous feature that would make an eye catching icon. We thought we might do a physical map of New South Wales so we began listing ideas for adding interest to the background:

  • Furrowed felt to indicate farming areas
  • Small sheep shapes for sheep grazing areas
  • Bobbles for forest areas
  • Spun and plied yarns for ranges and rivers.

Over the next two months we were to think more about what we could do while we began to gather the different colours of wool we needed. Janet Mortimer from "Rosedale", Tullamore came up with a large range of greys to palest silver to almost blacks. Claudia Errington provided us with a lovely medium grey. Julia and Brian Whitehead and Sister Sabina Bolton gave us precious handfuls of the blackest black found in small amounts in the multi-coloured fleeces they had bought. Phillip and Jenny Dunn donated a range of greys and browns, which we used for the initial background felting. Looking for a pale reddish brown we wrote to 'Quick Spin' wool who also donated us some fleece of that colour. Then on the day that I went to Ailsa Trainer's home she showed me a champagne-coloured fleece. I had only seen that colour once before. When it was washed, the colour of this lustrous fleece was little changed. This was plied with the Quick Spin fibre to embroider the waratah. We appreciated the help we received from everyone.

At the March meeting, we agreed that the physical map might have little meaning to overseas visitors as no names could be used. We decided to look at some other types of maps. One was a pictorial map showing a scene that could be a part of any black and coloured sheep farm. The other was to make the map from patches of all the colours we could find and place the three icons in various locations. The third idea was to combine a pictorial and a patchwork background.

Our icons were drawn to the correct size. Looking at them from a distance of three metres we decided that the clearest ones were the Opera House, Sydney Harbour Bridge, a coloured sheep, the logo of the Black and Coloured Sheep Breeders Association, the platypus and a waratah.

At the April meeting we reviewed the answers to our second set of questions; looked at some wool that Lynette had got for us from one of the open farm days and broke into groups to prepare the four different felted backgrounds so we could choose the one to continue with. Using the wool donated by Jenny and Phillip Dunn we prepared the backgrounds for the Guild meeting in June so that the members could vote for the one they liked best. The pictorial and physical maps received the most votes. The texture for the physical map won the day. I made a colour photocopy of the map and sent it to the banner committee to see of they were happy with it.

During the next few months we continued collecting wool and meeting monthly whenever possible. In November Tua and Kathy were given the fleece which had to be washed and combed and prepared for felting. They made a wonderful background map during the December holidays. At the same time, and many miles form Sydney, Lynette Hall cleaned and washed her portions and felted the icons we had chosen while the rest of us spun and plied our portions of coloured wool to produce fine and medium yarns to be used for weaving with fingers and Weave-it squares and for embroidery.

We met on the 7th of January to begin assembly of the final map. After three such meetings we were ready to display the Banner at our January Guild Meeting. We received many "Well Dones" from the members there on the day. That same day I took the Map home with me and began writing a report before posting it off to Melbourne.

Peta Andersen

Acknowledgements

Participants:

The Handweavers and Spinners Guild of Victoria Inc.
The Handweavers, Spinners and Dyers Guild of Tasmania Inc.
The Handweavers, Spinners and Dyers Guild of Western Australia Inc.
The Queensland Spinners, Weavers and Dyers Group Inc.
The Handweavers and Spinners Guild of South Australia Inc.
The Handweavers and Spinners Guild of New South Wales.
Estelle Virgen and Friends representing Northern Territory

Sponsors:

Wendy Dennis - donated fleece for braiding
Dieter Gunther - donated fleece for braiding
Pascoe Vale Spinners & Weavers - spinning of yarn for braid
CSIRO Social Club - Wool backing fabric
Lorraine Anderson - Kumihimo work
Margaret Ayton - Machine quilting
Anthony Cooper - Administration expenses

Sub - Committee:

Sheila Kempson Monique Wilson
Joan Dever Kaye Cooper
Lorraine Anderson
Kaye Cooper

Photography:

Ellen Mueller

Original Design Concept:

Monique Wilson
Kaye Cooper

My sincere thanks to everyone involved in the Map of Australia.
It has been a wonderful challenge, and a delight.

For Monique, who once told me to always carry a dream in my pocket - one day it just might come true.
Thank you.

Kaye Cooper - Convenor

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