| Anne Bolin, "In Search of Eve: Transsexual Rites of Passage", Bergin & Garvey, January 1988 p2 |
| p2: | Unless the person's atypical gender identity is developed to the point that surgery is requested, he or she will not be incorporated in the transsexual statistics which include only those who have either had the surgery or who have been designated by the medical or mental health sector as transsexual. |
| L Kok, F Long, W Tsoi, "Male transsexualism in singapore: A description of 56 Cases", Brit. J. Psychiat., 131 1977, pp. 405-409 |
| 405: | A psychiatric investigation on 56 cases of male transsexuals in Singapore revealed a prevalence of 1 in 25,000. Eighty-two percent were prostitutes and 83 per cent had completed secondary education. All were unmarried, and 35 percent were co-habiting with men. Fifty eight per cent hand felt they were females before the age of 5, 65 percent cross-dressed of whom 73 percent were receiving female sex hormones. Their mean IQ was 105. Thirty-two (58 per cent) underwent sexual reassignment surgery. There was no report of psychiatric complications. It was concluded that transsexualism as described by different authors may no refer to the same condition. Aetiologically, these cases did not appear to be determined by early childhood experiences. |
| p405: | The prevalence (based on only Singapore-born male residents) over the period 1971-76 was 1 in 25,000. For the male population above the age of 15 the Singapore figure was about 1 in 16,000. |
| p408: | Transsexualism was not a clear-cut phenomenon. The degree of transsexualism varied from case to case. The milder forms tended to merge into passive homosexuals or into transvestites. |
| J Hoenig, J. Kenna, "The Prevalence of Trnassexualism in England and Wales", Brit. J. Psychiat., 124 1974, pp. 181-90 |
| p189: | Calculations suggest as a conservative estimate that there are 537 male and 181 female transsexuals over the age of 15 in England and Wales. |
| P183: | Prevalence differs for men and women. 3.00 for males but only 0.93 for females. Expressed in another way, our figures are one male transsexual in 34,000 of the male population and one female transsexual and 108,000 females. The ratio of male to female transsexuals is 2.88 to 1 for the group, but is 3.25 to 1 after allowance is made for the unequal sex distribution in the population. |
| p185: | On the whole there is no marked difference between male and female transsexuals as regard to social class. |
| P185: | The prevalence for married males is only 0.88, whilst that for single males is 9.75 per 100,000. Amongst women the difference is even greater. There are only 0.20 ever-married female patients per 100,000 ever-married females in the population and 4.51 single females per 100,000 single females in the population. The non-metropolitan areas have proportionally more married male transsexuals than the metropolitan areas, whereas for the female transsexuals the opposite applies. |
| p183: | There is a striking difference between the population in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. These differences are not likely to e due to differences in incidence of the disorder, but probably reflect a greater tendency among male transsexuals to migrate to the metropolitan area. The prevalence rate for males in this area at 9.87 is over 7 times that in the non-metropolitan (1.49) whereas that for females in the metropolitan (1.85) is about 2 to 3 times that in the non-metropolitan areas (0.73) |
| P183: | The overall prevalence rate is 1.90 transsexuals per 100,000. |
| p181: | The incidence and prevalence of transsexualism are difficult to establish, as the syndrome is not sufficiently common to lend itself to the usual methods of epidemiological research. |
| p185: | Transsexualism crates great difficulties for the patient in social adaptation. There is therefore, amongst other things, a high incidence of prolonged unemployment. Women have a better work adjustment in the cities than in the non-metropolitan areas, whereas the opposite hold in the case of men. |
| Jan Walinder, "Incidence and Sex Ration of Transsexualism in sweden", Brit. J. Psychiat., 119 1971, pp. 195-6 |
| p196: | The annual incidence lies about 0.20 per 100000 inhabitants over 15 years of age. A noteworthy circumstance is that the ratio of men to women is approximately of the order 1:1. |
| P195: | The difficulty in calculating the incidence and prevalence of transsexualism is obvious. Those figures which can be arrived at are always minimal values, and a group of persons with transsexual symptomatology, which are most difficult to assess, will always elude the calculation. |
| P196: | It is possible that the observable sex difference is imaginary and that transsexualism is as common in women as in men. If this is so, it is an additional indication that transsexualism is not to be placed among the group of primary sexual deviations, but that it is a disturbance which falls outside the usual sexual field. Thus it is not open to simple explanation by means of prevalent psychoanalytic postulations. |
| p195: | The annual incidence of transsexualism shows a marked increase during the studied three-year period. In all probability this reflects the effect of the increased publicity on transsexualism which has taken place both in this country and internationally, and has resulted in the spread of information on the possibilities of sex reassignment. |