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The Game
The AIM of this booklet is to introduce people to the game of Boccia, not to act as a rule book, but to give individuals ideas to initiate the game either with individuals or groups.
Pronunciation - Boccia is pronounced as the slang English term "gotcha".
Brief History - Boccia, is a favourite Italian pastime, is descended from the Greek ball-tossing games. A game similar to Boccia was played throughout the Roman Empire and later developed into such variants as lawn bowling, nine pins and boules.
The Game - Boccia is played in a bordered area. Each player tries to position his balls as close as possible to the target ball (jack). The game can be played by two people or teams of three players. Before the game begins, one of the players flips a coin to see which player bowls the target. If the first shot does not qualify, players or teams take turns to bowl the target ball until it lands in the proper area. The player who makes the successful shot begins the game. After all balls have been played the score is tallied. All balls closer to the target ball than the opponents best ball score one point a piece. Opposing balls that are equidistant from the target ball cancel each other from the scoring.
Why Boccia? - the ball being of solid but pliable nature, with a kinetic and rolling quality, often allows those with a more severe functional disability the opportunity to grip the ball more easily. It also has the effect of reducing the advantage of physical strength, so that skill becomes a more optimum factor than brute force. However, a player can also propel the ball into court by any manner he or she desires, as long as they are in control at the moment of release. Some players throw or kick the ball, others may use specifically designed assistive devices, such as ramps.
Equipment - 12 leather covered balls, 6 of one colour and 6 of another colour and one white target ball. All balls must weigh between 273 and 277 grams and 26.3 - 26.7 cms in circumference.
The Playing Area - Boccia can be played in any area that is accessible to players, e it a large or small hall, a gymnasium, or grass or a playground area. However the ideal surfaces would be a flat and smooth area such as tile or wood floor. Depending upon the skill level of the players the court size and shape can be adapted to suit individual or group requirements. The ultimate aim is to play the game on a court measuring 12.5m x 6m. All markings on the court should be between 2cm - 4cm in width and must be of a deviating colour from the court surface. Chalk or tape should be used for these lines. The throw-out line is divided into six equal boxes.
Summary - Boccia is a game that can be played by any individual irrespective of functional disability, and can also be played by people irrespective of whether they have a disability or not. Some thought will be needed as with any activity prior to its introduction so that it can be aimed at the appropriate level. But once this level has been decided upon natural patterns and sequences for skill development can be planned. But of prime importance is that the game should be FUN for all involved, and to facilitate this the game should be played and introduced as stated throughout, at the appropriate skill level for the individuals participating.
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