The emotional journey of parenting your premature baby
This questionnaire is a way of gathering information from parents and families of
premature babies. Your stories will be used in a book I am writing to illustrate and
describe the emotional journey and psychological issues that emerge with the birth of
a premature baby. Before you take a look at the questionnaire, please take a minute
to read this short introduction.
The goal for this book is to describe and explain the emotional elements
commonly felt by families who experience a birth crisis/premature birth. As a
result, the questions I am asking you to consider are quite emotionally
charged. I am asking you to think about an intense time and to reflect on
some of the most difficult feelings a parent ever has to experience. My hope in
doing this project is that it will ultimately be helpful for the participants
and that when it is completed, will be a thorough resource for parents,
grandparents and extended families currently going through the process. I
would also like this to be a resource for health professionals working with
these families.
Please forward your newly-told stories directly to me at mtstein@aol.com.
I plan to use direct quotes from the material you will be
writing. By sending me your completed questionnaire/story, you will have
consented to have your words quoted in my book. I will make every effort to
quote *in context* and, of course, *respectfully.* I will not be including
identifying information, but want to use actual vignettes rather than
composites in order to preserve the richness of your emotional experiences.
If anyone is concerned about the use of their stories or words, please
e-mail me to discuss this.
I would like to also ask permission to write back with follow-up questions if
that should come up. If you do not want to hear back from me, please say so
when you send your response.
Before you begin to respond, think about who you turn to for support when you
start to feel upset and overwhelmed about these issues. Try to find quiet
blocks of time to use to respond to these questions. Don't try to finish
large chunks of it at once, take your time. This is a very long
questionnaire. Feel free to respond to as much or as little of it as you
like. I appreciate the emotional effort it will take for you to write down
your thoughts and especially your feelings about your child^Òs premature
birth.
I am available via e-mail for anyone who wants to talk about a particularly
upsetting response (should that situation arise). I would also help you to
find appropriate resources in your area should that be necessary.
A quick note about the format: My idea in sending the questionnaire was to
give people an outline through which they could tell their story.
All of you have told your stories many times in many ways. For my purposes
here, I am essentially asking you to retell your story with special attention
to the psychological and emotional elements I have outlined. I encourage you
to find a format that suits you best. You can respond topic area by topic
area, or you could write a new narrative using the topic guide as an outline.
My goal here is to help you to talk about your experiences using more
emotional and psychological language. If any questions should arise during
this process, please e-mail me - mtstein@aol.com - at any time.
Stories are welcome to be contributed until late 1998.
I thank you in advance for your effort and your support of this project!
Mara Stein (Mom to Gavriella and Layla; 30.5 weekers, born 5-30-96)
(Clinical Psychologist)
email:Mtstein@aol.com
----------------------------
The Emotional Aspects of Premature Birth -
a Questionnaire
The survey is addressed to all people who have experience of premature birth, as
parents, grandparents, extended family, older siblings, co-workers etc.
Feel free to ask anyone you feel
appropriate to respond to any of these sections. Just let me know who ’s
responding to what! There will be times when issues of multiple birth
will come up. I ask questions as if everyone has one baby - multiply
accordingly! In general, respond as is appropriate for your situation.
Also, you may find that certain issues will come up repeatedly in various
sections of the questionnaire. Feel free to skip an area if you feel that
you have completely addressed it in another section (perhaps just refer me
back to that section). Thanks.
Part I: Chronology:
This section will ask you to think about the timeline you experienced - from
the "getting pregnant" phase to the present time. It will ask you to reflect
not only on what happened, but what it meant to you, how you felt, what you
did, and what you thought about at each phase. **At the end of the section
are some questions that apply to each phase. Please respond to each one for
each phase.
Becoming pregnant
- What did it mean to you to become pregnant? How did you feel about it?
- Was the "getting pregnant" a long, drawn out experience? A long
awaited
one? A surprise?
- Did you experience any ambivalence about this pregnancy?
- If so, how did you then feel when there was a problem?
- What were the hopes and dreams you had about the process of pregnancy?
Childbirth?
- Had you ever experienced any pregnancy losses or stillbirths?
- If so, how did that impact your reactions to this pregnancy?
- on your reactions to the eventual problems and premature
delivery?
The tide turning in the pregnancy
- Were there any thoughts/feelings you had that something might be awry?
- premonitions?
- superstitions?
- earlier concerns?
- Were you considered "high risk?"
- How did your doctor's reaction to the issues impact on your feelings and
state of mind?
- Describe the events from the time a problem was detected until delivery
- What was your immediate response (thoughts, images, feelings, hopes,
fears)?
- What did you hope for?
- What were you most afraid of?
- If on bedrest, how did your feelings evolve or vary over the time you
were in "limbo"?
- If delivered quickly, think back on how you felt during that time.
- Can you describe your feelings, thoughts, things you said?
Delivery
- At how many weeks gestation was your baby at birth?
- What do you remember about your delivery?
- What did you think was going to happen to your baby; to you?
- How soon after the birth did you see your baby?
- How did you feel about that?
- What was it like to first see your child?
- What are the thoughts, associations, images and feelings that you
remember?
The first day
- How did you feel during that early period after the birth? What can you
remember about your emotional state?
- What do you remember about who came to talk to you during that time
(include medical personnel, family, friends, others)?
- How did you feel about what they said?
- What did you think about what they said?
- Describe your first visit to the NICU
- How did you feel going there?
- How did it feel to see your baby?
- What did you do?
-
The first few days
- How did you feel those first few days?
- How did your feelings change/vary during the period of days following
the birth?
Going home without your baby
- Could you talk about your physical and emotional adjustment to going home
? (You could refer to the circumstances of the birth, e.g. long bedrest, emergency
c-section, etc. - whatever is relevant to you.)
- What was it like to go home without your baby?
- What did you do?
- Did you handle this differently than others around you?
- What sort of arrangements did you make with your place of employment?
- How was this handled?
- How did you feel about it?
The NICU stay
- After the initial adjustment, describe your various feelings during the
time your child was in the hospital.
- How did you feel about the particular NICU setup/rules, etc.?
- Did you feel supported during this time?
Discharge
- How did you feel about your child's discharge?
- did it feel too soon?
- did it feel like it took too long to happen?
- Did you feel prepared?
- What were you most afraid of?
- What were you most looking forward to?
- How did you emotionally prepare to bring your baby home?
- If your baby came home with medical "stuff", how did you feel about that?
- What did it feel like to walk out of the hospital with your baby?
- What did it feel like to enter your house with your baby?
- What did you feel, think, and do during those early days home?
- What it what you expected?
- How did the season during which you returned home impact on how you felt?
(i.e. was it the middle of winter?)
Initial follow-up
- When was the first follow-up?
- How did you feel about going back?
- What sorts of feelings did you have when you brought your child in? When
you left?
- Long-term follow-up
- How did you feel about going back?
- What sorts of feelings did you have when you brought your child in? When
you left?
- Did you want to continue follow-up?
- Did you feel that you got something from those meetings?
Struggle to accept implications of premature birth
- Think back to how you responded when it became clear that your baby would be born
early.
- Were there things that stood out for you as you began to accept and
understand what it meant to have a premature baby?
- Were there ways in which you behaved as if you did not have a premature baby ( or
were not going to have a premature delivery)?
- As you describe how you came to accept the implications of premature birth, could
you refer to the following phases -
- before delivery (for example, compliance or non-compliance with medical
instructions)
- in the early phase after birth (denial;numbness;shock?)
- after going home - watching your child's development
- as your child met developmental milestones
- If your child was delayed in certain areas, how did you feel about the
delay?
- How did it feel when milestones were eventually met?
- at the follow-up appointments
Getting pregnant again
- Those who had subsequent babies:
- What were your thoughts about another pregnancy?
- What were your hopes and fears?
- What did you do to prepare?
- Those who are considering another baby:
- What are your thoughts about another pregnancy?
- What are your hopes and fears?
- What are you doing to prepare?
Deciding not to get pregnant
- What are your thoughts about another pregnancy?
- How did you decide not to become pregnant again?
- How do you feel about your decision?
-
Questions for each phase of Part 1: Chronology:
- What are some things you did during that time?
- Did any of those things help?
- Looking back, were there things you did that now don't make much sense to
you?
- Looking back, are there things that amaze you?
- What were the things you most hoped for?
- What were the things you were most afraid of?
- What was the hardest part?
- If you could relive that time, is there anything you would do
differently?
- Imagine that you are telling others what is most/least helpful to a family
during a crisis like this. Please tell them:
- What helped you the most during this time?
- What did not help at all?
Part II: Losses:
This section focuses specifically on some of the losses inherent in premature birth.
Could you reflect on and discuss the losses you felt in each of the following areas,
if the areas are relevant for you.
Loss of:
- "how it ’s supposed to be"
- control (i.e. bedrest, medical complications, medications)
- last part of pregnancy/being pregnant
- "ideal" or imagined labor/delivery
- initial close moments with the baby
- ability to be in total charge of decisions about the baby
- plans for breastfeeding
- having to pump
- pressure to breastfeed (or provide milk) if you had not previously planned
to do so
- ability to share and "show off" your baby
- initially after birth
- for months after return home
- parties (showers, for example) to welcome and prepare for baby
- financial and/or professional losses
The loss of a baby
- Loss of one or more in a set of multiples
- loss of a baby in-utero
- loss of baby early on
- loss of baby after numerous complications
- choices about ongoing medical care of a critically ill baby
In the areas of loss relevant to you, could you reflect on and describe
- How you coped with the losses?
- Whether you acknowledged the losses at the time?
- How the losses impacted on your relationship with your baby? Spouse? Others?
- What it is that tends to remind you of or reactivate your feelings of loss
now?
- Do you feel that you have completed your grieving for the losses?
- If not, in what ways do you notice the grief still with you?
- What have your support-systems been like around these losses?
- Have you been happy with the support offered?
- Have you felt another loss because of lack of support?
- Have your relationships with friends and family been altered from this
experience? How so?
Part III: Fears:
This section focuses specifically on the fears stirred up by the experience
of premature birth. Could you reflect on and discuss the fears you felt in each of
the following areas, as they are relate to you.
Fears about:
- death
- long-term impairment
- being unable to provide adequate care for a baby with medical needs
- becoming pregnant again
- becoming attached after birth (i.e. the fear of loss)
- the unknown
- developmental delays, even if small
Could you describe your thoughts, feelings and actions around each of these
issues, as they relate to you:
- How did you manage your fear?
- Did/do you acknowledge the fears at the time?
- How did/do the fears impact your relationship with your baby? Spouse?
Others?
- What tends to remind you of/reactivate your fears now?
- Do you feel that your level of fear or types of fears have changed over
time?
- If not, in what ways do you still notice your fears coming up?
- What have your support-systems been like around your fears?
- Have others been respectful of your concerns?
Part IV: Relationships:
This section focuses on the ways that you have related with others since the
pregnancy/premature birth.
Could you reflect on the ways in which you interacted with the following people.
- medical staff
- spouse (impact of birth on marriage?)
- grandparents/extended family
- how much support?
- initial and later reactions to premature birth
- friends/acquaintances/coworkers
- strangers
- parents of other preemies
How did they respond to the premature birth?
How did their styles fit (or not) with yours?
What did you need from them? Were they able to provide what you needed?
How much did you feel like interacting with others?
In what ways did you tend to interact with others?
Part V: Parenting the Premature baby:
This section focuses on the experience of parenting children born
prematurely. The list of questions at the end of the list are a guide for
reflecting on these issues.
How did your own parents and other family members respond?
- what sorts of things did you want/need from your family?
- what did they give you?
How did you find parenting in the nursery?
When did you begin to feel like a parent to your premature baby?
How did you feel about the various caretakers your child had?
How did you feel about the ways in which the NICU staff assisted you to
parent your child?
How did you cope with the following, if relevant to you:
- first time parenting coupled with prematurity
- normal worries and worries unique to prematurity
- parenting older siblings in addition to the new premature baby, or babies
- hypervigilance
- leaving your baby for the first time with someone other than a parent
How did people other than your family respond and how you handle the
responses?
What were some ideas you had about what type of parent you would be?
- How did those ideas fit with the baby you took care of in the nursery and
then at home?
What sorts of hopes and dreams did you have about what the parenting
experience would be like?
What modifications did you have to make when your child was born?
How did having a premature baby impact on your ideas about yourself as a
parent?
Part VI: Adaptations:
This section asks you to consider the monumental task you all went through -
that of adapting to the new circumstances presented to you. Could you reflect on the
various elements that were suddenly different or unexpected. Think about how
you felt, what you thought about and what you did in order to cope and
adjust to the following issues:
- the "change in rules" in the middle of the pregnancy
- medical need and interventions that were out of your control, both for you and
for your baby
- changed expectations about how newborns act
- the realities of premature babies' behavior
- the realities of the NICU
- unfamiliar language
- different norms for infants
- different expectations of you as a parent
- living in the "outside" world when your child is in the NICU
- interacting with others for whom life has continued as normal
- bringing the baby home
- trying to keep the home germ free when everyone wants to touch/see/hold the
baby
- trying to get others to adapt to the new expectations you bring home with
the baby)
- How has the experience of premature birth changed your life?
Part VII: Common experiences:
Did you experience any of the following -
- numbness
- flashbacks
- memory blanks
- avoidance
- hypervigilance
- feeling "jumpy"
- feeling overwhelmed with intense feelings
- going over events again and again (thinking about them and/or talking about
them)
- depression
- grief (see pt II)
- guilt feelings
- wondering if you could have made it different
- second-guessing decisions made prior to or after birth
- looking to assign blame
- feeling isolated anytime during the process
- delayed reaction (either while child is still in NICU or after
return home)
- feeling different to other parents (of full-term babies)
- struggling to connect with others
- wondering how to help your child join with peers
- feeling overwhelmed
- comparing babies to each other both in hospital and after discharge
Other issues which may be relevant to your response are:
- Issues unique to multiple birth
- Special needs or medical sequelae
COPING/What did you do?
- What helped the most?
- What helped the least?
- Did you depend on religious talismans, prayers or other charms to help you
through?
- If you could tell the world what NOT to say or do, what would it be?
- When did you start to feel like "yourself" again (if ever)
- If you could redo how you coped, what would you have done
differently?
Thankyou for the time you have taken to complete this long and possibly difficult
questionnaire.
I value your efforts greatly and hope that my book, when it is published, will be of
assistance to parents and families of premature babies everywhere.
copyright Mara Tesler Stein, Psy.D., 1997
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