If you need further information on methods of facilitated communication training, a simple outline is given in

Crossley, R., 1994, Facilitated Communication Training, Teachers College Press, New York, $15.95

The Contents page of the book is given below. The Introduction and Chapter Two of the book are also available on-line. We are grateful to Teachers College Press for permission to republish this material on the Web. Ordering details are given at the end.

FACILITATED COMMUNICATION TRAINING

Contents

INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Introduction 1, Communicating Without Speech 1, Background 2, Acknowledgements 6

1. ASSESSMENT FOR FACILITATED COMMUNICATION TRAINING

Severe communication impairment 9, Augmentative and alternative communication 9, Who needs to use augmentative communication? 9, What communication strategies can be used instead of speech? 9, What is the best non-speech communication strategy? 10, Facilitated communication training 11, Communication aid use involving facilitation 12

2, FACILITATED COMMUNICATION: 15

Common problems requiring facilitation 181, Poor eye-hand co-ordination: 182, Low muscle tone 183, High muscle tone: 184, Index finger isolation and extension problems: 195, Perseveration: 196, Using both hands for a task only requiring one: 207, Tremor: 208, Radial/ulnar muscle instability: 209, Initiation problems: 201, 0, Impulsivity: 211, 1, Proximal Instability: 211, 2. Reduced proprioception: 211, 3. Lack of confidence: 22, Moving towards independence 23, Literacy 23

3. STRUCTURING SUCCESS 25

Climbing the Ladder: 28

4. LITERACY 30

Speaking and reading 31, Learning to read 32, Reading and writing 34, Reading and people with severe communication impairments 35

5. DO'S AND DON'TS FOR RECEIVERS OF NON-SPEECH COMMUNICATION 37

6. GIVE ME A SEAT 43

General Principles of Seating Provision 43, Firm Base of Support 43, Seating for People with Low Muscle Tone 44, Shoulder Girdle Activities 46, Improving Finger-pointing Skills 48, Problems 48, Exercises and Activities 49

7. REDUCING SUPPORT 51

8. WORD FINDING PROBLEMS 61

What is a word-finding problem? 62, Why does it occur? 62, Which words are most difficult to find? 62, Are there any common error patterns? 62, How do people react to word-finding problems? 63, What to do 63

9. ASSESSMENT OF PEOPLE WITH SEVERE COMMUNICATION IMPAIRMENT 69

Selection of test materials or strategies 70, Oral Responses 70, Pointing responses 71, Written or typed responses 72, Hand Writing: 72, Typing: 72, Written language: 72, Tests of communication competence 72, Learned Helplessness 74, Conclusion 76

10. WHO SAID THAT? 78

When to verify 79, Adversarial Testing 82, When to validate? 84, How to validate? 84, Validation protocols 84, Preliminary screening 85, Preliminary training 85, Environment 85, Formal validation testing 86, Validation - What do you do when someone fails a test? 87

11. WHO DID WHAT AND TO WHOM 90

Disability 91, Communication skills 91, Allegations - handle with care 92, Reading hands, not minds 95, Don't throw out the baby with the bathwater 96

12. CASE STUDIES 97

Lisa 97, Paul 99, The Challenge 101

13. APPENDICES 104
Common hand function problems107, Basic Principles of Facilitation 110

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 111

This site is proudly sponsored by Vicnet